Go Echo 学习笔记（十一）单元测试

18 September, 2021. It was a Saturday.

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单元测试

针对 Echo 中的请求处理 Handler 的请求处理函数进行单元测试，需要使用的是 Go 中内置的 testing 以及 net/http/httptest 模块。

在测试过程中为了满足 handler 处理器传入的 Context 的要求，需要自定义一个 Context，使用的是 echo#NewContext() 方法。

在测试过程中可能需要为请求中加入对应的数据：

添加 form 表单数据：

// import "net/url"
f := make(url.Values)
f.Set("name", "Jon Snow")
f.Set("email", "jon@labstack.com")
req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/", strings.NewReader(f.Encode()))
req.Header.Set(echo.HeaderContentType, echo.MIMEApplicationForm)

添加路径参数：

c.SetParamNames("id", "email")
c.SetParamValues("1", "jon@labstack.com")

添加请求参数：

// import "net/url"
q := make(url.Values)
q.Set("email", "jon@labstack.com")
req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "/?"+q.Encode(), nil)

一个测试案例：

handler.go

package handler

import (
	"net/http"

	"github.com/labstack/echo/v4"
)

type (
	User struct {
		Name  string `json:"name" form:"name"`
		Email string `json:"email" form:"email"`
	}
	handler struct {
		db map[string]*User
	}
)

func (h *handler) createUser(c echo.Context) error {
	u := new(User)
	if err := c.Bind(u); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	return c.JSON(http.StatusCreated, u)
}

func (h *handler) getUser(c echo.Context) error {
	email := c.Param("email")
	user := h.db[email]
	if user == nil {
		return echo.NewHTTPError(http.StatusNotFound, "user not found")
	}
	return c.JSON(http.StatusOK, user)
}

handler_test.go：

package handler

import (
	"net/http"
	"net/http/httptest"
	"strings"
	"testing"

	"github.com/labstack/echo/v4"
	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
)

var (
	mockDB = map[string]*User{
		"jon@labstack.com": &User{"Jon Snow", "jon@labstack.com"},
	}
	userJSON = `{"name":"Jon Snow","email":"jon@labstack.com"}`
)

func TestCreateUser(t *testing.T) {
	// Setup
	e := echo.New()
	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/", strings.NewReader(userJSON))
	req.Header.Set(echo.HeaderContentType, echo.MIMEApplicationJSON)
	rec := httptest.NewRecorder()
	c := e.NewContext(req, rec)
	h := &handler{mockDB}

	// Assertions
	if assert.NoError(t, h.createUser(c)) {
		assert.Equal(t, http.StatusCreated, rec.Code)
		assert.Equal(t, userJSON, rec.Body.String())
	}
}

func TestGetUser(t *testing.T) {
	// Setup
	e := echo.New()
	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "/", nil)
	rec := httptest.NewRecorder()
	c := e.NewContext(req, rec)
	c.SetPath("/users/:email")
	c.SetParamNames("email")
	c.SetParamValues("jon@labstack.com")
	h := &handler{mockDB}

	// Assertions
	if assert.NoError(t, h.getUser(c)) {
		assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, rec.Code)
		assert.Equal(t, userJSON, rec.Body.String())
	}
}